Acute chest syndrome describes new respiratory symptoms and findings,
often severe and progressive, in a child with sickle cell disease and a new pulmonary infiltrate.
It may be community-acquired or arise in children hospitalized for pain or other complications.
Recognized etiologies include infection, most commonly with atypical bacteria, and pulmonary fat embolism (PFE);
the cause is often obscure and may be multifactorial. Initiation of therapy should be based on clinical findings…